001 Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase Chloramphenicol
doi: 10
Introduction Although antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a natural process, the public health emergency due to the uncontrolled spread of this phenomenon
Estimates attribute 1
Scientists at the University of Illinois Chicago and Harvard University have
Isolates resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole were classified as multidrug resistant (MDR), and
The age-dependent trends in calf AMR has been thought to be driven by host immune status of increased susceptibility during early life that allows ease of colonization
Chloramphenicol (figure 1A), co-discovered and marketed by Parke-Davis beginning in the 1940s, is a natural product antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae with antibiotic activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria (Ehrlich et al
Once the β-lactam bond is broken, the drug loses its antibacterial activity
The genetic background of chloramphenicol resistance was accessed in a collection of S
The genetic background of chloramphenicol resistance was accessed in a collection of S
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria cause life-threatening illness in humans and pose a significant threat to health and well-being
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Technically, “antibiotic” refers only to antimicrobials derived from bacteria or molds but is often (including read more that is primarily bacteriostatic
influenzae NfsB quickly reduces chloramphenicol to amino-chloramphenicol
The first mechanism of bacterial resistance to chloramphenicol, which remains the most common, is enzymatic inactivation through acetylation of the drug by various types of chloramphenicol acetyltransferases—CATs (the mechanism is manifested as the presence of the cat gene)
Findings indicate that floR mainly contributes to the high rate of florfenicol resistance among Enterobacteriaceae, and the resistance gene-related mobile genetic elements encoded by pLA-64 may be transferred among bacteria of different species or genera, resulting in resistance dissemination
The mechanism of chloramphenicol resistance in several multiple-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains has been studied and shown to be due to the presence of the enzyme, New type of restriction to the expression of a structural gene in bacteria
Typhi isolates from the epidemic also encoded resistance to ampicillin and/or kanamycin, but fortunately these never became dominant
Clindamycin, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol all act at the same site, and the binding of one of these antibiotics to the ribosome may inhibit the binding of the others
This work investigated trends in chloramphenicol resistance rates during 2017–2020 This study looked at the levels of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) able to survive inhibitory concentrations of chloramphenicol, erythromycin and vancomycin, as well as subinhibitory (10 µg ml −1) erythromycin concentrations
The advent of multidrug resistance among pathogenic bacteria is devastating the worth of antibiotics and changing the way of their administration, as well as the approach to use new or old drugs
For example, the rate of this resistance was 68
such as the MexAB-OprM pump in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that confers intrinsic resistance to β-lactams, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, and some fluoroquinolones